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Aleksander Brzoska[/caption]
The idea of self-driving trucks once seemed like science fiction, but it is quickly becoming reality. Companies such as TuSimple Holdings Inc., Kodiak Robotics Inc., and Volvo Group have successfully deployed autonomous freight trucks for commercial deliveries. In 2024, Volvo and DHL International GmbH launched driverless trucks on routes between Dallas and Houston, proving this technology is no longer experimental. While autonomous trucks offer benefits, Rhode Island must prepare for the economic, regulatory and workforce challenges they bring.
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Marlene Pontes[/caption]
Autonomous trucks can make shipping faster, safer and more cost-effective. Unlike human drivers, the trucks don’t require rest breaks, aren’t distracted and can operate continuously, bypassing the 11-hour service limitation imposed on truckers. This efficiency could extend the range of a single day’s drive, allowing goods to be transported farther and faster. Logistics may shift as businesses consolidate warehouses to optimize supply chains. Rhode Island’s ports and distribution centers should prepare to integrate these changes.
Self-driving trucks could help mitigate the ongoing trucker shortage. The American Trucking Association reported a shortage of 60,000 drivers in early 2024, and it is expected to rise to 82,000 by year’s end. With demand for freight transportation increasing, autonomous trucks could keep supply chains running as the workforce shrinks.
For Rhode Island, which relies heavily on freight transportation, this could mean fewer disruptions and lower costs. However, job displacement is a concern. While automation can address labor shortages, it may reduce the need for human drivers. Policymakers must balance innovation with job security by investing in workforce retraining programs.
Despite their advantages, autonomous trucks face significant hurdles. Safety remains a top concern. Can they handle bad weather, unpredictable drivers and sudden obstacles, including humans? While companies claim these vehicles are safer, real-world tests must continue to prove their reliability. Without careful oversight, a rushed deployment could lead to accidents and public backlash.
Rhode Island presents unique challenges for autonomous trucking, including congested highways and unpredictable winter weather. The state should implement pilot programs and collaborate with private companies to test these vehicles in controlled environments before allowing widespread adoption. The “Little Roady” autonomous shuttle pilot program in 2019 and 2020 provided valuable insights into self-driving technology on Rhode Island roads. Similar initiatives could help inform policies for autonomous freight trucking.
Rhode Island can either wait for these changes to disrupt its economy or take proactive steps to lead in this space. Policymakers should update regulations to allow controlled testing of autonomous trucks on public roads with strict safety oversight. Investments in electric and autonomous vehicle infrastructure will be crucial to keeping the state competitive in a rapidly changing logistics industry. Businesses should explore partnerships with tech companies to pilot autonomous and electric trucking projects, positioning Rhode Island as a hub for innovation.
Aleksander Brzoska and Marlene Pontes are MBA students at the University of Rhode Island.
